第六期_2012_《混凝土與水泥制品》雜志社

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第六期

一種聚羧酸高性能緩凝減水劑的制備與性能測

周恒，霍冀川，雷永林

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘??要：以順丁烯二酸酐(MA)，α-甲基丙烯酸(MAA)，烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚-1000(APEG-1000)為單體，過硫酸銨(NH4S2O8)為引發劑，合成一種聚羧酸高性能緩凝減水劑。通過紅外光譜對減水劑分子共聚反應進行表征，掃描電鏡觀察水化物微觀結構，X射線衍射觀察對水化物的影響，進行水泥凈漿性能測定。結果表明，在水灰比0.29，減水劑摻量為水泥質量0.3%的情況下，水泥凈漿流動度達到340mm，減水率達到30.4%，具有較強的緩凝效果，初凝和終凝時間達到483min和1320min。硬化水泥漿體抗壓強度得到提高，與空白樣對比，7d和28d抗壓強度比達到了121.6%、138.2%。Abstract:Anovelretardinghighperformancepolycarboxylatewaterreducerissynthesizedwithmaleicanhydride(MA),mathacrylicacid(MAA)andallylalcoholpolyoxyethylene-1000(APEG-1000)initiatedbyammoniumpersulfate.Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopyisusedtoindicategraftingprocess,SEMisusedtoobservemicrostructureofthehydrationofcement,XRDisusedtoobservetheinfluenceofthehydrationofcement,andtheinfluenceofpolycarboxylicsuperplasticizerontheperformanceofcementpasteisinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatwhenthesuperplasticizerdosageis0.3%ofcementmass,togetherwith0.29ofwatercementratio,thefluidityofcementpastecanreach340mm,thewater-reducingrateis30.4%,theretardingeffectisdistinct,anditsinitialsettingtimeis483minanditsfinalsettingtimeis1320min.Thecompressivestrengthofhardenedcementpasteisimproved,andthecompressivestrengthratiosof7dand28dare121.6%and138.2%comparedwithblanksamples.

膠粉對硬化水泥石干縮和失水行為影響的機理

張承志，張彥敏，王愛勤，李海南

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：通過試驗研究了水泥石干縮變形和失水率隨著可再分乳膠粉摻量的變化規律，并通過紅外光譜分析研究了可再分膠粉對硬化水泥石干縮變形的作用機理。試驗結果表明，隨著膠粉摻量的增多，水泥石失水率變化不大而干縮率變化較大。 Abstract: The change law of the shrinkage deformation and water loss rate of hardened cement with the content change of polymer powder is studied. By the infrared spectroscopy, the mechanism of the effect of polymer powder on the shrinkage deformation of hardened cement is studied. The experimental results show that with the increase of polymer powder dosage, the change of water loss rate of hardened cement is less, but the shrinkage rate changes a lot.

稻殼灰替代硅灰對超高性能混凝土性能影響的試驗研究

莊一舟，鄭海彬，季韜，梁詠

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘??要：通過對單/雙摻活性稻殼灰（RHA）與硅灰（SF）以及RHA的粒徑對超高性能混凝土（UHPC）的抗壓強度和孔結構影響的研究，得出活性RHA粒徑是取代SF的關鍵。研究結果表明，平均粒徑為5.9μm的RHA能夠部分取代SF并應用于UHPC中；在相同總摻量的情況下，復摻RHA與SF的UHPC抗壓強度要高于單摻RHA或單摻SF的，并且最佳取代水泥的復摻量為10%RHA與10%SF；在UHPC中摻入RHA能夠減少孔體積以及平均孔徑，優化孔結構，從而提高UHPC的抗壓強度Abstract:Theinfluencesofsingle/double-dopedricehuskash（RHA）&silicafume（SF）andtheparticlesizeofRHAonthecompressivestrengthandporestructureofultra-highperformanceconcrete（UHPC）arestudied.TheresearchrevealsthattheactiveRHA’sparticlesizeisthekeytoreplacetheSFinUHPCanditsaverageparticlesizeof5.9μmistherationaloneusedtopartiallyreplacetheSFinUHPC.WiththesametotalblenddosageofRHAandSF,theconcretewithdouble-dopedRHA&SFhashighercompressivestrengththantheonesofsingle-doped（RHAorSF）concrete.Furthermore,itisfoundthatthebestblenddosageis10%RHA&10%SFreplacingthecement.ThemixingofRHAintoUHPCcanreducetheconcreteporevolumeandaverageporesizeandalsoimprovethecompressivestrengthofUHPCbyoptimizingitsporestructure

氯離子侵蝕環境下混凝土結構耐久性壽命評估方法研究

尚堃

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：根據氯離子侵蝕環境下混凝土結構中鋼筋銹蝕的發生和發展，分析了結構性能的衰退過程，得到了氯離子侵蝕環境下結構耐久性壽命評估模型?？紤]到壽命評估模型中主要參數的不確定性影響，基于Monte Carlo原理，采用CrystalBall軟件對混凝土構件進行了隨機模擬。隨機模擬結果顯示，保護層厚度及氯離子濃度是影響氯離子侵蝕環境下混凝土結構耐久性壽命的重要參數。 Abstract: The degenerative processes of structure performances are analyzed according to the occurrence and development of steel bars corrosion of concrete structures under the chloride corrosion environment, and the models of structure durability service life assessment are summarized. Considering the uncertain factors of durability service life prediction, the concrete structural members are stochastically simulated using CrystalBall software based on Monte Carlo principal. The simulation results show that the concrete cover thickness and chloride concentration are the major factors of durability service life assessment of concrete structures under the chloride corrosion environment.

礦物摻合料對水泥石抗酸性侵蝕性能的影響

劉數華，嚴軍偉，邢婕，李杰，羅宇

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：通過對不同配合比凈漿試件浸泡在醋酸溶液后進行抗壓強度、SEM等測試，研究了石灰石粉、硅粉、粉煤灰等礦物摻合料對水泥石抗酸性侵蝕性能的影響。結果表明，水膠比較低時，由于漿體結構致密，侵蝕破壞進程較慢；摻入石灰石粉后，漿體在醋酸侵蝕下的強度降低，遠低于基準漿體；石灰石粉與粉煤灰及硅灰復摻時，由于發生火山灰反應，漿體的抗酸性侵蝕性能得到提高。 Abstract： The effects of minieral admixtures such as limestone powder, silica fume and fly ash on acid erosion-resistance of cement paste are researched through the compressive strength test and SEM of paste with different mix proportions soaked in acetic acid. The results show that pastes with low water-binder ratio have compact microstructure, erosion damage process is slow. After adding limestone powder, the strength of paste in acetic acid decreases, which is much lower than the strength of normal paste. Mixed limestone powder with fly ash and silica fume, the acid erosion-resistance of paste is improved by the pozzolanic reacti

粗骨料對混凝土性能的影響

成振林，王小東

２０12年第6期

摘要

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U形預應力混凝土板樁在海洋護岸工程中的應用及探索研究

張后禪，楊末麗，沈保漢，李德誠，李濤濤，袁

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：介紹了U形預應力混凝土板樁的型號、性能參數、施工流程、控制要點、工程應用案例等，對其在海洋工程中的應用進行了探究，提出了為發揮U形預應力混凝土板樁較大的性價比，目前還需對其在海洋護岸及海堤工程中的設計方法、耐久性要求及施工質量控制等方面進行完善。 Abstract: The type, performance parameters, construction process, control points, engineering application cases etc. of U-shaped prestressed concretet piles are introduced. Meanwhile, its applications are explored in marine engineering, and it points out that in order to get larger performance price ratio of the sheet piles, it still needs to be improved in some aspects such as the design methods of marine revetment and seawall engineering, durability and construction quality control.

CFG樁復合地基在高速鐵路軟土地基處理中的應用

王恒博

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：結合我國南方某軟土地基工程特點，通過方案比選，確定了使用CFG樁復合地基施工方案，詳細介紹了其施工工藝及注意事項，并對CFG樁復合地基應用效果進行了檢驗。檢驗結果表明，CFG樁復合地基施工方便、效果突出。 Abstract: Combined with the characters of a soft soil foundation engineering in south of China, a CFG pile composite foundation construction scheme for the engineering is determined by comparing with some construction schemes of soil foundations. The construction processes of the scheme and points for attention during the construction are introduced in detail. And application effects of CFG pile composite foundation are inspected. The results indicate that the construction process of CFG pile composite foundation is simple and its effect is prominen

混凝土及水泥制品中的水

紀愛民

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：介紹了水在混凝土中的存在形式、技術要求及其在混凝土中所發揮的作用，分析了水對新拌和硬化混凝土及水泥制品質量的影響，指出了，用水不當是混凝土及水泥制品許多質量瑕疵產生的根源。 Abstract: The existing forms of water in concrete, water quality, technical requirements of water and roles of water in the cement concrete are introduced. And the influences of water on the quality of new mixing concrete, hard concrete and cement products are analyzed. It points out that unreasonable use of water is the root cause of quality defects of concrete and cement products.

混凝土管道工程中空間彎頭幾何尺寸的確定

李金瑞，曹振民，胡孝民

２０12年第6期

摘要

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摘要：為確保施工質量、節約成本，常需要通過計算得出混凝土管道工程中空間彎頭的真實角度。采用數形結合的方式，詳細介紹了該類空間彎頭幾何尺寸的確定方法，提出了不同情況下空間彎頭所需參數的計算公式，并舉例進行了說明。 Abstract：In order to ensure the construction quality and low cost, it's very necessary to calculate the real angles of space elbows for concrete pipeline engineering. Using the method of numeral-form combination, how to determinate the geometric dimensioning of the space elbow is introduced in detail. The calculation formulas of its required parameters under different conditions are put forward, and taking a project in Liaoning as example, calculation procedures of space elbows parameters are listed

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