第十二期_2011_《混凝土與水泥制品》雜志社

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第十二期

用化學方法制備泡沫混凝土的試驗研究

徐文1，錢冠龍2，化子龍2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：通過化學方法制備輕質泡沫混凝土，分析了其結構形成機理，研究了發泡劑、激發劑、穩泡劑、料漿稠度與凝結時間及工藝條件等因素對性能的影響。通過優化選擇，得到了性能優良的泡沫混凝土。 Abstract: Chemical method is used to prepare foam concrete and the structure formation mechanism is analyzed. The influences of foaming agent, activator, foam stabilizer, slurry consistency, setting time and process conditions on properties of foam concrete are studied. Through optimal selections, the foam concrete with good performances are obtained.

人工砂商品混凝土配合比的試驗研究

韓靜云1，王春明2，宋旭艷1

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：采用70%人工砂與天然細砂混合改善砂級配，可替代天然中砂配制商品混凝土，所配制出的混凝土抗壓強度高于天然中砂混凝土。正交試驗法設計摻合料人工砂混凝土的配合比，試配結果表明，人工砂占混合砂70%，粉煤灰、礦粉摻量分別為20%、25%，砂率為45%時，在拌合料中加入YS-2B萘系減水劑1.7%，可解決人工砂混凝土需水量大的問題，新拌混凝土坍落度達到180mm的泵送要求；28d抗壓強度為32.4MPa，滿足C30混凝土的設計強度，60d抗壓強度為37.0MPa，人工砂替代天然砂不影響混凝土后期的抗壓強度。 Abstract: Mixed sand with 70% artificial sand and natural sand can be utilized to improve sand gradation, which can replace natural medium sand to prepare ready-mixed concrete, and the concrete compressive strength may be higher than that with natural medium sand. Based on orthogonal experimental method, the mix proportion of admixture concrete with artificial sand can be designed. The results indicate that when mixed sand containing 70% artificial sand, with 20% fly ash and 25% slag, under the sand ratio of 45%, adding 1.7% YS-2B naphthalene superplasticizer into concrete mixture, the great water demand for concrete with artificial sand can be solved and the slump value of fresh concrete can reach 180mm, which can satisfy the pumping concrete requirement. The 28d compressive strength of concrete is 32.4MPa, which can meet the design strength of C30 concrete, and the 60d compressive strength is 37.0MPa. Artificial sand replacing natural sand may have no effect on late compressive strength of concrete.

礦渣、沸石粉復合摻合料在混凝土中的試驗研究

明陽1，陳平1 ,2，李玲3，郭一鋒1

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘??要：通過正交試驗，研究了用水量、砂率、沸石摻量、礦渣摻量、沸石比表面積5因素對礦渣-沸石混凝土工作性能、抗壓強度和氯離子滲透性的影響。綜合考慮各因素對三指標的影響，得出制備C40混凝土的適宜配合比為：水量160kg/m3，砂率40%，礦渣摻量30%，沸石摻量15%，沸石比表面積530m2/kg。通過掃描電子顯微鏡SEM對混凝土微觀結構和水化產物形貌進行了簡要分析。Abstract:Byusingtheorthogonaltest,theinfluencesofthewaterconsumption,sandratio,dosageofzeoliteandslagandspecificsurfaceareaofzeoliteontheworkability,compressivestrengthandchlorideionpenetrationoftheslag-zeoliteconcretearestudied.TheresultsshowthatthesuitablemixproportionofC40slag-zeoliteconcreteisthat:thewaterconsumptionis160kg/m3,thesandratiois40%,thedosageofslagis30%,thedosageofzeoliteis15%,andthespecificsurfaceareaofzeoliteis530m2/kg.Themicrostructureofconcreteandmorphologyofhydrationproductsareanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy.

混凝土滲透結晶材料在水工噴射混凝土中的應用

劉玲1，王可良2，鄭燦堂2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：為研究滲透結晶材料對噴射混凝土性能的影響，采用抗滲和抗凍試驗方法，結合掃描電子顯微（SEM）和壓汞法(MIP)對混凝土的微觀結構進行分析和表征。結果表明，滲透結晶材料可提高噴射混凝土的抗滲和抗凍性能，通過改善混凝土界面過渡區和水泥石的微觀結構，改善混凝土的孔徑分布，使少害孔含量增多，多害孔含量減少，最可幾孔徑減小，混凝土貫通能力減弱，抗滲和抗凍性能提高。 Abstract: In order to study the influences of permeated crystalline materials on performances of shocrete, combining with MIP and SEM, the microstructure of concrete is analyzed and characterized by impermeability and freezing-thaw cycle test methods. The results show that permeated crystalline materials can improve the performances of impermeability and freezing-thaw cycle of shotcrete. It is because that permeated crystalline materials can improve the microstructure of interfacial transition zone of concrete and cement stone, improve the pore size distribution of concrete, which make more content of less harmful pores and less content of harmful pores. Therefore, most probable pore size of concrete reduces and the performances of impermeability and freezing-thaw cycle of concrete are improved.

聚醚型聚羧酸系減水劑的性能研究

宋家樂1,2，溫宏平1，呂長亮1，李煒光1,2，王太山2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：采用改性聚醚F-108、HZ-004、丙烯酸為單體，在水溶液中通過氧化還原引發體系自由基聚合合成了一系列聚醚型聚羧酸減水劑。研究了不同分子量的主、側鏈分子結構、不同聚合溫度及引發劑加入方式等對減水劑水泥凈漿分散性的影響關系。研究結果表明，最佳合成工藝條件為丙烯酸與活性大單體HZ-004的摩爾比為5:1，改性聚醚HZ-004與F-108的質量比為3:1，反應溫度為75～80℃，引發劑一次性加入或滴加時，合成的聚醚型聚羧酸減水劑具有優異的分散性。 Abstract: In aqueous solution, using the modified polyether F-108, HZ-004, acrylic acid as monomer, a series of polyether-type polycarboxylic water reducers are synthesized from free radical copolymerized through oxidation-reduction initiator system. The effects of the polyether structure of main chain and side chain with different molecular weight, the different polymerization temperature and the addition way of initiator on the fluidity of cement paste are studied. The results show that the optimal synthesis conditions are determined when the mole ratio of acrylic acid and modified polyether HZ-004 as 5:1, the mass ratio of modified polyether HZ-004 and F-108 as 3:1, the reaction temperature between 75~80℃, initiator added in one batch or dropped, the polyether-type polycarboxylic water reducer has excellent dispersion.

石粉含量對機制砂混凝土力學性能與微觀結構的影響

張禮華1，劉來寶1，周永生1，王忠祥2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：采用石英質機制砂石粉，討論了石粉含量對中低等級強度混凝土工作性和力學性能的影響規律，并選取三種不同巖性機制砂石粉，運用SEM、XRD等測試方法研究其對水泥水化產物及其微結構的影響。結果表明，石粉的摻入可明顯改善混凝土的和易性及力學性能，混凝土強度等級越高，其石粉合理摻量應越??；石粉對水泥水化產物及其微觀形貌影響較??；石粉含量變化引起細骨料（機制砂）級配優化作用是普通機制砂混凝土工作性和力學性能得到改善的主要原因。 Abstract: The influences of the content of quartziferous rock powder on the workability and mechanical properties of moderate and low-grade concrete are discussed. By X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy, the effects of three manufactured sand rock powder with different rock characters on hydration products and microstructure of cement are also studied. The results reveal that rock powder can obviously improve the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. The minor content of rock powder is suitable for the higher strength concrete. The rock powder has little influences on hydration products and microstructure of cement. The graded optimization function of fine aggregate (manufactured sand) caused by the various content of rock powder plays the leading role in improving the workability and mechanical properties of general manufactured sand concrete.

美國圓型剛性管公路活荷載計算介紹

楊鐵占，李金瑞，姜海濤

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：美國混凝土管協會發表的設計數據“Design Data 1”中指出：美國國家公路與運輸協會（AASHTO）對其《公路橋梁標準規范》中的荷載經過土壤傳遞理論有了新發展。AASHTO將采用《LRFD橋梁設計規范》標準計算公路荷載。該標準與現行標準有較大區別。 Abstract：“Design Data 1”published by American Concrete Pipe Association indicates that AASHTO （American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials）has a new progress in the theory of transmission of loads through soil of 《Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges》. AASHTO will use the criteria of 《Load Resistance Factor Design Bridge Design Specifications》 to calculate highway loads. And there are many differences between AASHTO LRFD and the current criteria.

固井水泥環缺陷與套管承載能力關系研究

曹暢，周香玲，石立華

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：固井是油水井生產之前的一項重要工序，固井質量的好壞對井的使用壽命有著直接的影響。建立了水泥環缺少30°、60°、90°等角度的井筒平面應變有限元模型，并對固井水泥環缺陷引起的套管應力變化進行了仿真模擬分析，進而明確了水泥環缺陷程度與套管承載能力的關系。 Abstract: Well cementating is an important process before the production of oil and water Wells，and its quality of the cementing has a direct impact on well production. An FEM model of wellbore plane strain of cement sheath with lack of 30°，60°，90°and so on were developed and the simulation analysis of casing pipe stress caused by cement sheath damage was investigated，which makes the relationship between the damage degree of cement sheath and the bearing capacity of casing more clear.

預應力高強混凝土管樁廠電氣節能設計

陸薇1，宋亞英2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：預應力高強混凝土管樁（PHC管樁）業是近年來快速發展的一個新興行業，PHC管樁廠的電氣節能有很大的潛力。結合混凝土管樁廠項目設計實踐，對電氣設計中各個環節的節能技術措施進行了研究探討。 Abstract: The industry of prestressed high-strength concrete piles(PHC piles) is one new industry developing rapidly in recent years. Electric energy saving design of PHC piles factory has great potential. Combining the design practice of concrete piles factory project, the energy saving technical measures of every link in electric design are researched and discussed.

超長復合型纖維水泥混凝土最佳配合比試驗研究

姜麗偉

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：采用正交試驗方法對超長復合型纖維水泥混凝土進行了最佳配合比試驗研究。選擇水灰比、砂率、纖維用量和減水劑用量四因素，每個因素四個水平進行試驗，并通過極差、均值等分析方法對于正交試驗結果進行了分析，得出了各因素及因素水平的變化對抗折、抗壓強度的影響，最后確定了超長復合型水泥混凝土的最佳配合比。 Abstract: The experimental research of optimal mix proportion is carried out for super-long complex fiber cement concrete by using the orthogonal testing method. Four influencing factros including water-cement ratio, sand ratio, dosages of fiber and water reducing agent are chosen to conduct the experiment with four levels for each factor. Through different analysis methods such as the range and mean, the orthogonal results has been analyzed, and the effects of each factor and its level changing on the compressive and flexural strength are obtained, and finally the optimal mix proportion of super-long complex fiber cement concrete is determined.

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