第五期_2010_《混凝土與水泥制品》雜志社

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第五期

納米微珠的特性與應用

馮乃謙1, 李浩2

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：納米微珠是從燃煤電站排放的煙霧中收集的超細微粒, 平均粒徑≦1.0μｍ, 表面為玻璃體, 呈球狀。納米微珠代替部分水泥摻入混凝土中, 可降低用水量, 增大流動性, 提高混凝土的強度和耐久性，是混凝土低碳技術的新組分。同時介紹了納米微珠在高性能混凝土及超高性能混凝土中的應用。 Abstract: Nano micro-bead (N-MB) is a superfine glass bead from the smoke discharged by coal station, whose average particle size is ≦1.0μｍ. The surface of N-MB is vitreous body, which shows spherical. The mixed water for concrete can be reduced and the fluidity of concrete is increased when the N-MB is partly instead of cement and added into concrete. The strength and durability of the concrete will be increased by using the N-MB for concrete. And the N-MB is one new component in concrete low carbon technology. The application of N-MB is introduced in the high performance concrete and ultra- high performance concrete.

高貝利特水泥配制水工大體積混凝土的性能研究

田承宇1 ，方坤河2 ，楊華山2

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要:通過室內和現場測試試驗, 研究了高貝利特水泥(以下簡稱HBC)和中熱水泥分別配制水工大體積混凝土時對混凝土性能的影響。試驗結果表明：HBC的早期強度較低、極限拉伸值小于中熱水泥,但后期性能改善較明顯，90d齡期時混凝土的抗拉強度和極限拉伸值等性能達到或超過中熱水泥的水平。同時HBC配制的水工大體積混凝土具有較好的抗裂性和抗凍性，并且其抗硫酸鹽侵蝕性能和28d齡期后的抗折強度均優于中熱水泥,而其干縮率、絕熱溫升等都小于中熱水泥混凝土。 Abstract: The properties of the high-belite cement concrete and moderate heat cement concrete are studied by indoor and field tests. The results show that the early strength and ultimate elongation of high-belite cement are less than moderate heat cement, but its later strength enhanced greatly, and its tensile strength and ultimate elongation in 90d are equal to or higher than moderate heat cement. The tests also show that high-belite cement concrete has good cracking resistance and frost resistance, and its sulfate resistance and flexural strength in 28d are better than moderate heat cement concrete. At the same time, its shrinkage and adiabatic temperature rise are lower than moderate heat cement concrete.

水灰比對熱環境中混凝土早期水化物相組成與強度發展的影響

張風臣1，艾玲玲2，沈德建2

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：大體積混凝土內部水化熱以及制品的外部熱源養護使得膠凝材料早期水化反應處在一定的溫度場中，其物相組成與強度發展不同于常溫養護。通過試驗研究不同水灰比混凝土在不同環境溫度下的早期水化物相組成和強度發展歷程，采用劈裂抗拉強度與抗壓強度的比值評價其脆性。試驗結果表明，隨著環境溫度的提高，不同水灰比混凝土抗壓強度呈現增長趨勢。不同水灰比混凝土的劈裂抗拉強度在50℃環境溫度下最高，溫度繼續升高，劈裂抗拉強度呈現降低趨勢，且低水灰比混凝土劈裂抗拉強度降低明顯。在較低溫環境下，水灰比對水泥石物相組成幾乎沒有影響；而在較高溫環境中，水灰比不同，水泥石物相組成也不相同。 Abstract: Cement hydration at early age is in a certain temperature field because of hydration heat of mass concrete as well as cement productions curing with high temperature. Therefore phases composition and strength development in thermal environment are commonly different from those in normal curing conditions. Phases composition and strength development at early age of concrete with different water to cement ratio (w/c) cured in different thermal environment are studied, and the brittleness is evaluated by means of tensile-splitting strength to compressive strength ratio. Experimental results show that compressive strength of concrete with different w/c are improved with the increase of curing temperature. Tensile-splitting strength increases most at 50℃ and decreases when the curing temperature continued to increase. Moreover, tensile-splitting strength of concrete with lower w/c decreases obviously. In lower temperature environment, the w/c has little effects on phases composition, while in higher temperature environment, phases composition varies with the w/c.

磨細鋼渣、粉煤灰對混凝土強度和抗氯離子滲透性能的影響研究

李貞，夏繼宗，賈文亮

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：研究了單摻粉煤灰、磨細鋼渣和雙摻粉煤灰-磨細鋼渣對混凝土強度和氯離子擴散系數的影響。試驗表明：雙摻粉煤灰-磨細鋼渣的混凝土強度和抗氯離子滲透性能優于基準組及單摻粉煤灰、磨細鋼渣的混凝土，同時磨細鋼渣對混凝土性能改善的貢獻稍大于粉煤灰。 Abstract：The effects of the individual mixture of fly ash or steel slag and the combinations of fly ash and steel slag on strength and chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete are studied. The results indicate that comparing to the pure cement sample and the individual mixture of fly ash or steel slag cement sample, the combination of the admixtures can improve the mechanical properties and the resistance to chloride ion permeability of concrete. The contribution of steel slag to concrete performances is slightly larger than fly ash.

大體積混凝土水化熱溫度場數值模擬

劉睫，陳兵

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：水泥水化熱導致大體積混凝土開裂的現象在工程中不容忽視。結合云南糯扎渡水電站大壩心墻區墊層混凝土施工，應用有限元軟件ANSYS對整個計算過程進行較為全面的分析和介紹，對大體積混凝土在澆筑后30d齡期內的溫度場進行模擬，計算混凝土內部及表面溫升曲線。在此基礎上采用鋪設冷水管的溫控措施，有效控制了混凝土內部最高溫度及內外溫差，達到了防止出現溫度裂縫的目的。 Abstract: The hydrated heat of cement will cause temperature cracks in massive concrete. In this paper, a finite element model is established based on the construction of the cushion concrete in the dam core wall area of Yunnan Nuozhadu Hydropower Station. And using this model and the software ANSYS，the hydrated heat temperature field of the massive concrete in 30 days is simulated to calculate the temperature-rise curves of inner and surface part of the concrete. According to the result, the method called water pipe cooling is applied to control the temperature difference and to prevent the temperature cracks as well.

養護劑對混凝土耐久性能的影響

石亮, 劉建忠, 劉加平

２０10年第5期

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摘要: 噴涂養護劑作為一種新型的養護方式正逐步被應用于混凝土工程領域。試驗對比研究了養護劑對混凝土收縮性能、氯離子滲透性能、碳化性能及抗凍性能的影響。結果表明：涂覆養護劑對混凝土有較明顯的減縮效果，7d減縮率在30%以上。相比標準養護及干燥養護，涂覆養護劑的混凝土抗氯離子滲透性能最好。涂覆養護劑能夠提高低摻量粉煤灰混凝土的抗碳化性能。涂覆養護劑可改善無摻合料混凝土的抗凍性能，對摻有粉煤灰的混凝土抗凍性能提升不明顯。 Abstract: Coating with curing agent is being used in field of concrete engineering as a new kind of curing method. The effects of curing agent on the shrinkage, chloride ion penetration, carbonation and frost resistance of concrete are comparatively investigated. The results show that coating with curing agent can obviously reduce shrinkage of concrete and the shrinkage reducing ratio is above 30% at early age (7d). Comparing with standard curing and dry curing, concrete specimen coated with curing agent gets the best chloride ion penetration resistance. Coating with curing agent enhances the carbonation resistance of concrete with low amount of fly ash. Coating with curing agent can improve the frost resistance of concrete without mineral admixtures, however, the improvement becomes weak when fly ash was adding into concrete.

礦物摻合料對高強混凝土塑性開裂影響的研究

張守治1，汪守淳2，喬艷靜1，陸海梅1

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：采用自行改進的集中約束平板法測試系統，研究了粉煤灰、礦渣微粉及硅灰等礦物摻合料對低水膠比高強混凝土出現塑性裂縫的初始開裂時間、24h內最大裂縫寬度和裂縫總面積的影響。結果表明：粉煤灰的摻入能有效抑制低水膠比高強混凝土的塑性開裂，推遲裂縫出現的初始開裂時間，減小最大裂縫寬度和裂縫總面積；礦渣微粉的摻入在低摻量下對低水膠比高強混凝土的塑性開裂有一定的抑制作用，但在高摻量下有增大低水膠比高強混凝土塑性開裂的趨勢；硅灰的摻入加劇了低水膠比高強混凝土的塑性開裂，表現為出現塑性裂縫的初始開裂時間提前和裂縫總面積的增大。 Abstract: In order to evaluate the effects of the mineral admixtures on the plastic cracking properties of high strength concrete, such as initial cracking time, maximum crack width and total area of cracks, a lot of tests are carried out by the centralized constrained plate method. The experimental results show that, the incorporation of fly ash could effectively inhibit the plastic cracking of high strength concrete, delay the initial cracking time and reduce the maximum crack width and total cracking area of concrete. Slag could inhibit the plastic cracking of high strength concrete with the range of low dosage, but with the increasing dosage of slag, the trend of plastic cracking of high strength concrete increased. Silica fume could increase the plastic cracking of high strength concrete, with the increasing dosage of silica fume, the initial cracking time is ahead and total cracking area of concrete increased.

《預制高強混凝土薄壁鋼管樁》行業標準簡介

蔣元海

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：簡述了建設行業標準JGJ/T 272-2010《預制高強混凝土薄壁鋼管樁》的編制背景、編制目的和意義，詳細說明了標準條文的具體內容，提出了實施過程中應注意的問題。 Abstract：Compiling background、compiling purpose and compiling significance of construction industrial standard, Precast High Strength Concrete Thin-walled Steel Pipes(JGJ/T 272-2010) are briefly described, and the specific contents of the standard are detailedly explained. The problems needing attention in implementation process are proposed.

大管樁成型期預應力損失試驗與有效應力研究

鄭煒

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：后張法預應力混凝土管樁近年來在我國華東、華南沿海地區的碼頭和橋梁工程中得到了廣泛的應用，本文對生產者較為關心的后張法預應力混凝土管樁在制作階段預應力損失展開了實測和分析。 Abstract: In recent years, post-tensioned prestressed concrete cylinder piles are widely used in the harbour and bridge engineering in eastern and southern coastal areas of China. The prestressing lose of the post-tensioned prestressed concrete cylinder piles during the manufacturing period，which is concerned mostly by the manufacturer，is carried on by the tests and analysis.

芯模振動制管工藝中一種簡單翻管方法介紹

韓洪新

２０10年第5期

摘要

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摘要：介紹了芯模振動制管工藝中幾種常用的翻管方法，并指出了這些方法的優缺點；同時介紹了一種簡單、實用的翻管方法。 Abstract: Several common methods of the tube inversion in core vibrated tube-making process are introduced. And their merits and shortcomings are pointed out. At the same time，a kind of simple and practical method of tube inversion is introduced.

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