第七期_2018_《混凝土與水泥制品》雜志社

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第七期

我國混凝土外加劑行業最新研發進展和市場動態

王玲1，趙霞1,2，高瑞軍1

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘??要:中國建筑材料聯合會混凝土外加劑分會每兩年開展一次全國范圍的混凝土外加劑生產情況大調查，其目的是掌握行業最新發展動態，為制定行業發展政策提供準確依據。該調查活動已經持續十余年。最新的調查數據表明：2017年我國混凝土外加劑總產量達到1399萬t，與2015年的1380.36萬t相比，略有增長；外加劑行業結構優化調整的效果十分明顯，新型碳4聚醚、聚羧酸高性能減水劑、液體無堿速凝劑、新型高分子類引氣劑等性能更加優良產品的占比繼續增加；外加劑企業利用股市資本，規?；l展，行業集中度也在逐步提高。Abstract:Inordertograspthelatestdevelopmentsintheconcreteadmixtureindustryandprovideavalidbasisfortheformulationofindustrydevelopmentpolicy,anationwideproductionsurveyhasbeencarriedoutbytheConcreteAdmixtureBranchofChinaBuildingMaterialsFederationeverytwoyearsinthepasttenyears.ThelatestinvestigationdatashowthatthetotaloutputofconcreteadmixturesinChinareached13.99milliontonsin2017,aslightincreasecomparedwith13.8036milliontonsin2015.Theeffectofindustrialstructureoptimizationandadjustmentwassignificant,theproportionofproductswithbetterperformancecontinuestoincrease,suchasnewtypecarbon-4polyethermonomer,polycarboxylateshighperformancewater-reducingadmixture,liquidalkali-freeaccelerator,polymertypeair-entrainingagent.Admixtureenterprisesutilizedthestockmarketcapitaltomakethecompanygraduallybecomelarge-scale,sothemarketconcentrationratewasgraduallyincreasing.

王玲,趙霞,高瑞軍.我國混凝土外加劑行業最新研發進展和市場動態[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):1-5. WANG L,ZHAO X,GAO R J.The Recent Research and Market of Concrete Admixture in China[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):1-5.

基于旋轉空蝕試驗的水泥基材料破壞研究

何旸1,2，錢文勛1,2，張燕遲1,2，蔡躍波1,2，王新1,2

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘?要：利用自主研發的旋轉空蝕設備對不同齡期的硬化水泥凈漿和硬化水泥砂漿進行連續空蝕試驗，觀察分析空蝕區和磨蝕區破壞方式的異同，并利用SEM、EDX、XRD、TG&DSC等分析手段觀察空蝕對于水泥基材料壁面的破壞形貌，研究空蝕過程對水泥水化產物的破壞。試驗結果表明，經過2h連續不斷地空蝕試驗破壞，水泥基材料表面尖銳的邊緣發生鈍化，表現為片狀，桿狀晶體基本消失，形成熔融組織?？瘴g對水泥凈漿表面的破壞不僅是簡單的力學破壞，同時空蝕效應可以造成水泥水化產物的部分分解，其破壞形式為熱分解。具體而言，經過2h旋轉空蝕試驗后的28d水泥凈漿試樣，水化凝膠損失量不低于30%，氫氧化鈣的損失量在25%以上，對硬化水泥漿體的劣化有較為顯著的影響。Abstract:Thesuccessivecavitationexperimentonhardencementpasteandmortaratdifferentagesbyusingtherotatingscalingtypecavitationerosiondeviceisconductedtoobserveandanalyzethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweencavitationandabrasionzone.Besides,SEM,EDX,XRDandTG&DSCareusedtoobservethecavitationdamageonthesurfaceofcementbasedmaterialsandstudythedestructionofcementhydrationproductsincavitationprocess.Theresultsindicatethatthesharpedgeofthecementsurfacebecomessmoothafter2hoursfailurebycontinuouscavitationtest,suchastheflake,rodshape-crystalsarebasicallydisappearedtoformmeltedorganization.Thus,cavitationerosiononcementpasteisnotonlyasimplymechanicalfailurebutalsocausingthepartialdecompositionofcementhydrationproducts.Tobespecific,themasslossofhydrationgelsubstancesisnolessthan30%,andthelossofhydratedlimeismorethan25%after2hoursfailureexperiment.Inthatway,theconsiderablehydrationmasslosscouldleadtoasignificantimpactoncementpastedeterioration.

何旸,錢文勛,張燕遲,等.基于旋轉空蝕試驗的水泥基材料破壞研究[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):6-10. HE Y,QIAN W X,ZHANG Y C,et al.Study on Failure of Cementitious Materials Based on Rotary Cavitation Test[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):6-10.

干濕循環作用下碳酸鹽對混凝土腐蝕規律的試驗研究及建議

張睿驍，樊曉一，蘇有文

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘??要：試驗研究了干濕循環機制下碳酸鹽對混凝土的腐蝕規律試驗，通過分析碳化深度、抗壓強度及混凝土質量的變化，討論了碳酸鹽對混凝土碳化的腐蝕影響，并對混凝土碳化程度評定提出了建議。研究結果表明，混凝土的碳化速度在NaHCO3溶液的作用下加快。隨著干濕循環次數的增加，NaHCO3溶液濃度從0.3%增加到0.5%時，混凝土碳化深度明顯增加；混凝土的抗壓強度在NaHCO3溶液的作用下影響較大。結合在失效干濕循環次數時，混凝土試塊的質量損失率的統計，其平均質量損失率為6.24%，可以參照混凝土試塊的質量損失率對混凝土試塊是否失效進行初步的判斷。Abstract:Carbonizationisanimportantgroundsforassessingthedurabilityofconcretestructures.Thecorrosionexperimentofcarbonateonconcreteunderthewet-drycyclesiscarriedout.Byanalyzingthevariety?ofcarbonationdepth,thecompressivestrengthandthequalityofconcrete,theinfluenceofcarbonatesoncorrosionofconcreteisstudied,andthecarbonationofconcreteisevaluatedandsomesuggestionsareproposed.TheresultsshowthatthecarbonationdepthincreasesmarkedlyundertheroleofNaHCO3?solution.Withtheincreaseofwet-drycycles,theconcentrationofNaHCO3?solutionisfrom0.3%to0.5%,whilethecarbonationdepthisobviouslyincreased.ThecompressivestrengthofconcreteisgreatlyaffectedbytheNaHCO3?solution.Theaveragemasslossrateoftheconcretesampleis6.24%undertheconditionsoffailurewet-drycycleswhichcanrefertothemassoftheconcreteblock.Themasslossratecanprovidereferencetopreliminaryjudgmentofconcretefailed.

張睿驍,樊曉一,蘇有文.干濕循環作用下碳酸鹽對混凝土腐蝕規律的試驗研究及建議[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):11-15. ZHANG R X,FAN X Y,SU Y W.Experimental Research and Propose of Carbonate on Corrosion Rules of Concrete under Dry-Wet Cycles[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):11-15.

基于樹脂的水泥基透光混凝土的研究綜述

何培玲，盛嘉誠，牛龍龍，高昕，董嘉睿，閆學森

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘要：不同于常見基于光纖的水泥基透光混凝土，基于樹脂的水泥基透光混凝土是依靠預先埋置在構件內的呈一定形狀的固態樹脂貫穿構件，使光線可以透過構件，令在亮側事物的光影可以鮮明的輪廓出現在暗側的一種新型混凝土。本文主要介紹了基于樹脂的水泥基透光混凝土的物質組成、制備工藝、力學性能、光學表現及其微觀機理，并指出了該水泥基透光混凝土存在的問題及研究方向。 Abstract: The resin-based cement-based light-transmitting concrete, which is different from the optical fiber-based light-transmitting concrete, it relies on the resin block pre-embedded in the specimen to transmit light to the side surface of the test piece to achieve light transmission. In this paper, the material composition, preparation processes, mechanical properties, optical performance and microscopic mechanism of the resin-based light-transmitting concrete are introduced. Besides, it points out that the existing problem and further research directions of the resin-based light-transmitting concrete.

何培玲,盛嘉誠,牛龍龍,等.基于樹脂的水泥基透光混凝土的研究綜述[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):16-19. HE P L,SHENG J C,NIU L L,et al.Research Review of Cement-based Light-transmitting Concrete with Resin[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):16-19.

硅烷偶聯劑改性骨料對透水混凝土性能的影響

付希堯

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘要：配制不同濃度的硅烷偶聯劑（SCA）溶液改性三種粒徑的輝綠巖骨料，并用改性骨料和未處理骨料分別拌制透水混凝土并成型試件，養護后測定立方體抗壓強度、連通孔隙率以及透水系數。試驗研究表明，SCA改性輝綠巖骨料配制透水混凝土的力學性能有一定程度的改善，而透水性能略有下降。 Abstract: Three kinds of different particle sizes of modified aggregate by different concentrations of silane coupling agent (SCA) solution were used to mix pervious concrete and form specimens, and the compressive strength, connected porosity and permeable coefficient of which were tested. The results show that the mechanical property of pervious concrete mixed by modified aggregate dealing with SCA can be improved to some extent, but the permeable performance decrease slightly.

付希堯.硅烷偶聯劑改性骨料對透水混凝土性能的影響[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):20-23. FU X Y.The Influence of Aggregate Modified with Silane Coupling Agent on Performance of Pervious Concrete[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):20-23.

單軸壓縮下不同含水率水泥混凝土的能量演化特征

王圣程，姜慧，祿利剛，張朕

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘??要：能量演化貫穿于混凝土破壞的全過程。為探究含水率對受載混凝土能量演化特征的影響規律，對泡水0h、6h和24h的C45水泥混凝土試樣進行了單軸加載試驗。結果表明：混凝土含水率越高，混凝土的剛度、相對抵抗變形和破壞的能力逐步下降；不同含水率混凝土的彈性能密度隨應力比率呈冪指數增加；混凝土含水率越高，其儲能極限越小，破裂所需要的耗散能越少；混凝土的能量分配形式相似，且混凝土含水率對能量分配影響不明顯。在機場道面工程設計時，應加強排水設計，減輕含水率對其劣化的影響，延長道面使用壽命。Abstract：Energyvariesduringthewholeprocessofconcretedeformationandfailure.Inordertoinvestigatetheeffectofwatercontentonrockenergyvariation,axialloadingtestswereconductedforC45cementconcretesampleswhichweresoakedinwaterfor0h,6hand24h.Theresultsshowthatwiththeincreaseofthewatercontentofconcrete,thestiffness,relativetotheabilityofresistdeformationanddamageofconcretedecreasegradually.Theelasticenergydensityofconcretewithdifferentwatercontentincreasesexponentiallywithincreasingofthestressratio.Thehigherthewatercontent,thesmallertheenergystoragelimit,andthelessdissipatedenergyrequiredforfracture.Theenergydistributionofconcreteissimilar,andtheinfluenceofwatercontentonenergydistributionisnotobvious.Inthedesignofairportpavementengineering,thedesignofdrainageshouldbestrengthenedtoreducetheinfluenceofwatercontentondeteriorationandprolongtheservicelifeofpavement.

王圣程,姜慧,祿利剛,等.單軸壓縮下不同含水率水泥混凝土的能量演化特征[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):24-27. WANG S C,JIANG H,LU L G,et al.Energy Evolution Characteristic on Cement Concrete with Different Water Content under Unaxial Compression[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):24-27.

植生型混凝土孔結構改造與內部堿環境調節

何光明

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘??要：針對普通混凝土內部孔隙過少以及pH值過高而不利于植物生長的問題，研究了植生型混凝土孔結構改造和內部堿環境調節的方法。研究結果表明，利用吸收肥料溶液的聚丙烯酸鈉系超吸水樹脂球作混凝土骨料，結合摻加多孔的陶粒，或采用選擇合適粒徑的單一級配石子替代常規的連續級配石子，可有效增加混凝土內部孔隙，有利于植物根系生長。采用低堿度硫鋁酸鹽水泥作為膠凝材料，或通過加入含活性SiO2較多的物質與水泥水化反應產生的Ca(OH)2發生化學反應，可有效降低混凝土內部pH值，有利植物生長。?Abstract:Plant-growingporousconcrete,asakindofconcretethatcangrowgreenplantonitssurface,itsinvestigationandapplicationaremeaningfultobuildthespongecityandprotectecologicalenvironment.However,lowporosityandtoohighpHvalueofconcreteareveryunfavourableforplantgrowth.Modificationmethodsofporestructureandinternalalkalineenvironmentofplant-growingconcreteareinvestigated.Theresultsshowthataddingsodiumpolyacrylatesuperabsorbentresinballabsorbingchemicalfertilizersolutionandporousceramsite,orsinglegradationstonewithasuitableparticlesize,caneffectivelyincreasetheporosityofconcrete.Usingsulphoaluminatecementasbindingmaterial,oraddingmineraladmixturecontainingreactiveSiO2whichreactswithCa(OH)2formedbycementhydration,cansignificantlydecreaseinternalpHvalueofconcrete.Abovemethodsarebeneficialtothegrowthofplantroots.

何光明.植生型混凝土孔結構改造與內部堿環境調節[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):28-31. HE G M.Alteration of Pore Structure of Plant-growing Concrete and Its Internal Alkaline Environment Regulation[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):28-31.

免壓蒸PHC管樁混凝土的制備研究

夏艷晴，石戰戰

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘??要：利用特種硅酸鹽水泥FACC制備了免壓蒸PHC管樁混凝土，研究了水泥摻量、水灰比、砂率、靜停時間、升溫速率、恒溫時間、溫度等因素對PHC管樁混凝土蒸養強度的影響，并采用XRD和SEM等表征方法對水化產物進行了礦物成分和形貌分析。結果表明，免壓蒸PHC管樁最佳混凝土配合比為FACC480kg/m3、水灰比0.26～0.28、砂率32%～37%、養護制度為20℃靜停2h、升溫速率0.3℃/min、恒溫溫度90℃、恒溫時間4~6h，開蓋自然冷卻脫模。在此基礎上制備的免壓蒸PHC管樁混凝土能減少延遲鈣礬石的形成，強度達到C80以上，滿足PHC管樁的使用要求。Abstract：Thenon-autoclavedPHCpileconcretewithspecialportlandcementFACCisprepared.TheparametersaffectingthecompressivestrengthofPHCpileconcrete,suchascementcontent,W/C,sandratio,restperiod,heatingrate,constanttemperatureandtimeetc.areinvestigated.Moreover,thetypeofhydrationproductsisinvestigatedbyusingSEMandXRD.TheresultsshowthatthecompressivestrengthofPHCpileconcretewhosemixproportionisFACC480kg/m3，W/Cratio0.26～0.28,sandratio32%～37%canmeettherequirementsinsomeareas.Furthermore,theexperimentshowsthebeststeam-curedsystemis20℃restperiodlasting2h,heatingrateat0.3℃/min,?constanttemperatureat90℃,constanttemperaturetimelasting4~6h,naturecooling.Theexcellentmixratioandsteam-curedsystemcanavoidtheriskofexpansiondamagefromdelayedettringiteformation.

夏艷晴,石戰戰.免壓蒸PHC管樁混凝土的制備研究[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):32-35. XIA Y Q,SHI Z Z.Preparation Study of Non-autoclaved PHC Pile Concrete[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):32-35.

鋼筋混凝土構件的非均勻銹脹分析

邱姜睿1，王圣程2，毛小勇3，姜慧2，張津滔3，章嘉鍇3

２０18年第7期

摘要

引用本文

摘?要：借鑒均勻銹脹開裂三階段理論（鐵銹自由膨脹、混凝土保護層承受拉應力、混凝土保護層銹脹開裂），結合鋼筋銹蝕形態，描述了鋼筋非均勻銹蝕引起混凝土保護層開裂的整個過程。并以此為基礎，建立了銹脹開裂時刻的鋼筋最大銹蝕深度計算模型。兩種不同銹蝕形態（均勻和非均勻）下鋼筋銹蝕量的參數敏感性分析結果表明：兩者主要參數的影響規律相似，鋼筋銹蝕量均與混凝土保護層厚度、混凝土強度等級呈正相關關系，與鋼筋直徑、鐵銹體積膨脹率呈負相關關系；非均勻銹蝕與均勻銹蝕的鋼筋銹蝕量相比，鋼筋銹蝕率較小，而鋼筋最大銹蝕深度較大。Abstract：Basedonthethree-stagetheoryofconcretecovercrackinginducedbytheuniformrebarcorrosion(freeexpansionofthecorrosionproduct,concretecoversubjectedtotensilestressandconcretecovercrackinginducedbyrebarcorrosion),combinedwithsteelcorrosionmorphology,thewholeprocessofconcretecovercrackingcausedbynon-uniformrebarcorrosionwasdescribed.Thecalculationmodelofmaximumrebarcorrosiondepthatthemomentofconcretecovercrackingwasestablished.Theanalysisontheparametersensitivityoftheamountofsteelcorrosionintwodifferentformsofcorrosion(uniformandnon-uniform)showsthattheinfluencelawsofthemainparametersaresimilar,thevolumeofrebarcorrosionispositivelycorrelatedwithconcretecoverthicknessandconcretestrength,andnegativelycorrelatedwithrebardiameterandrustvolumeexpansion.Thevolumeofrebarcorrosionofnon-uniformcorrosioncomparedwiththatofuniformcorrosion,theamountofsteelcorrosionrateissmall,andthemaximumsteelcorrosiondepthislarger.

邱姜睿,王圣程,毛小勇,等.鋼筋混凝土構件的非均勻銹脹分析[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):36-41. QIU J R,WANG S C,MAO X Y,et al.Analysis on Non-uniform Expansion of Reinforced Concrete Members Due to Rebar Corrosion[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):36-41.

高速鐵路CRTS Ⅲ型板式無砟軌道自密實混凝土制備與性能研究

王方剛1，2,陸加越1，2,徐文1，2

２０18年第7期

摘要

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摘??要：采用玻璃平板試驗、凈漿流動度和自密實混凝土工作性等方法對開發的外加劑進行穩定性評價，優選出高穩定性的外加劑，并研究了不同膠材用量、含氣量下自密實混凝土的工作性能和力學性能的變化規律，得出最佳配合比。結果表明，玻璃平板試驗可以用來評價外加劑的穩定性，從而選出性能最優的高穩定性外加劑；推薦高速鐵路CRTSⅢ型板式無砟軌道自密實混凝土配合比為總膠材510kg/m3，用水173kg/m3和含氣量在（6±1）%時可以同時滿足工作性能、力學性能和板面的質量要求。Abstract:Thefluidityofcementpaste,glassplatetestandworkabilityofself-consolidatingconcreteareusedtoevaluatetherobustnessperformancesofwater-reducingagent,sothatahighrobustnesswater-reducingagentispreferable．Thevariationofworkabilityandmechanicalpropertiesofself-consolidatingconcretewithdifferentcementitiousmaterialcontentandair-containingarestudied,andtheoptimummixtureratiowasrecommended.Theresultsshowthattheglassplatetestofconcretecanevaluatethestaticrobustnessofwater-reducingagentwell,Thus,ahighrobustnesswater-reducingagentwithoptimumperformanceisselected.Recommendedforself-consolidatingconcretemixproportionofhighspeedrailwayslabballastlesstrackofCRTSⅢforcementitiousmaterialof510kg/m3,waterconsumptionof173kg/m3andair-containingof(6±1)%cansatisfytheworkability,mechanicalpropertiesandsurfacerequirementsatthesame.Excellentresultshavebeenachievedbyusinganoptimumhighrobustnesswater-reducingagent?andapreferredconcretemixproportion，andhasbeensuccessfullyappliedinNanchang-GanzhouHigh-speedRailway.

王方剛,陸加越,徐文.高速鐵路CRTSⅢ型板式無砟軌道自密實混凝土制備與性能研究[J].混凝土與水泥制品,2018(7):42-46. WANG F G,LU J Y,XU W.Research on Preparation and Performance of Self-consolidating Concrete for High Speed Railway Slab Ballastless Track of CRTS Ⅲ[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2018(7):42-46.

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